Maligning Women in Shakespeares Macbeth :: Free Essay Writer

Women in Macbeth Why did the playwright include only unmatched noneworthy woman in Shakespeares tragedy Macbeth? This essay willing not answer this question, but rather tell about this one woman - Lady Macbeth, with lesser consideration of the magical weird sisters. In Fools of magazine Studies in Shakespearean Tragedy, Northrop Frye shows that a lady is the actual driving force in the play That Macbeth is being hurried into a premature act by his wife is a point unlikely to escape the most listless member of the audience, but Macbeth comes to regret the instant of fatal delay in murdering Macduff, and draws the object lesson that The flighty purpose never is oertook Unless the deed go with it. From this moment The very firstlings of my heart shall be The firstlings of my hand. That is, in future he will try to gain ground the successful rulers spontaneous rhythm of action. (91) L.C. Knights in the essay Macbeth describes the unnaturalness in the thoughts and words of th e plays dominant female force, Lady Macbeth Thus the sense of the unnaturalness of evil is evoked not only be repeated explicit references (natures mischief, nature seems dead, Tis unnatural, even like the deed thats done, and so on) but by the expression of unnatural sentiments and an unnatural strength of tone in such things as Lady Macbeths invocation of the spirits who will unsex her, and her affirmation that she would murder the babe at her breast if she had imprecate to do it. (95) Clark and Wright in their Introduction to The Complete Works of William Shakespeare contradict the impression that the female protagonist is all strength Lady Macbeth is of a finer and more than delicate nature. Having fixed her eye upon the end - the attainment for her husband of Duncans crown - she accepts the inevitable means she nerves herself for the terrible nights work by artificial stimulants only she cannot strike the sleeping king who resembles her father. Having sustained her weak er husband, her own strength gives way and in sleep, when her will cannot control her thoughts, she is piteously afflicted by the memory of one stain of blood upon her little hand. (792) In Macbeth as the Imitation of an Action Francis Fergusson enlightens the reader concerning the fears weakening Lady Macbeth

Symbolism In Heart Of Darkness Essay -- essays research papers

Submitting to SymbolismEvery great author posses the ability to create a fabrication deeply woven in symbolism and subliminal messages. Underneath the literal journey encountered in Joseph Conrads center of Darkness lies a tale stark(a) with subtle, yet, significant imagery that brings forth the true meaning of the novella. Throughout Heart of Darkness Conrad uses a plethora of simple colors, objects, and places to convey multifaceted images and ideas. His fine doing of the tools of the English language allows him to quickly lure the reader aboard the Nellie and not release him until the horror is over. Although the interpretation of symbols in the Heart of Darkness is elaborate, due to their informality they are often overlooked. An overriding series of symbols in Heart of Darkness is the ongoing contrast of white and black, dark and light, and respectively holding representations of good and evil. Amongst near literature white/light relates to a civilized community and black /dark denotes savagery. However, Conrad often depicts soldieryy things usually associated with light to be dark in coincidence with the glittering light shed on dark images. Conrad illustrates the wrath of Europe, And this also has been one of the darkest places of the earth. (Conrad 18) Furthermore, Conrads frequent symbolic combination of life and death is a parallel to light and dark, echoing the fact that the two must exist simultaneously - there cannot be without the other.Blatant, but often passed over is the symbolism of the compute three in Heart of Darkness. First, notice that the book is divided into three chapters. From there Conrad only lets Marlow break from the story three times to let the anonymous narrator speak. As the journey through the Congo progresses it halts its journey at three stations-Outer, Central, and Inner. The triads do not end here, but persist through the characters in the novella. Though they play an integral role in Heart of Darkness only three women are mentioned principally-the intended, Marlows Aunt, and Kurtzs mistress. Contrasting the women is the trio of Kurtz, Marlow, and the narrator. The triplet that binds the book is the various views of Africa from the adventure, economic, and religious standpoints.The start of the book is ... ...oy him. Towards the close of Heart of Darkness he finds himself amidst a swarm of small flies. The diminishing size of the insects is a representation of the growth in Marlows character as his journey progresses. Symbolism as such is one of the great examples of Conrads intelligenceHeart of Darkness overflows with symbolism and is by far one of the greatest novels of the twenty century. Conrad employs the literary tricks as he unwraps more than just the quest of a man and his trip through the Congo. Looking between the lines helps convey the true meaning in Heart of Darkness and enhance the readers enjoyment of the novel. non to forget that Conrad closes the book with classic symboli sm of Marlow in the lotus position closing his spiritual journey.Marlow ceased, and sat apart, indistinct and silent, in the pose of a meditating Buddha. zippo moved fro a time. We have lost the first of the ebb, said the director suddenly. I raised my head. The offing was barred by a black verify of clouds, and the tranquil leading to the uttermost ends of the earth flowed somber under overcast sky-seemed to lead into the heart of an immense darkness. (Conrad 125)

Leveraging Mobile Device Applications for Boeing Travel and Expense Ser

AbstractMore companies are leveraging agile device finishings that integrate with their existing travel and expense systems to provide stag business travelers with the necessary tools to efficiently book trips and expense their expenditures using mobile devices, thus allowing business travelers to be more productive, which saves the company money. Currently, almost twenty-three megabyte Boeing employees have been issued BlackBerry Smartphones. Ninety-percent of these employees make more than one trip per month. Currently, Boeing is not maximizing the use of the BlackBerry Smartphones by using a mobile application for Boeing Travel and Expense management to decrease costs by allowing employees to be more productive. Since twenty-three thousand employees already have been issued BlackBerry Smartphones we can leverage these devices and implement a mobile device application that integrates with our current Travel and Expense Systems that we have purchased from defy Travel. Pur chasing a mobile applications solution from Concur Travel will allow Boeing travelers to save time reduce costs increase productivity and better serve our customers.I.MOTIVATION Concurs mobile capability will provide Boeing with the perfect solution for employees, managers and executive staff who no longer have to wait until they return to the ofce to complete or approve an expense report. Travelers will be able to use the mobile app to take pictures of their receipts and complete expense reports using their BlackBerrys. When they return to the ofce they usurpt have to sit at a desk all day to do one expense report on paper or cum back to the ofce just to approve an expense report 1.The primary drivers for implementing a Concur Tr... ...al%20Report%20-%20Long%20Version.pdf.2 Concur, Concur Give Organization Best-in-Class Travel and Expense Experience, nd. Online. obtainable http//assets.concur.com/case-studies/medium-large-business-travel-expense-cannon-cochran-management-servi ces.pdf.3 Aberdeen Group, Mobile Technology Filling the Gap in Modern Expense Management, March 2011. Online. Available http//assets.concur.com/whitepaper/mobile-technology.pdf.4 Concur, Concurs Mobile Solution Keeps Growing enquiry Picture Exhibitor on the Go, April 2011. Online. Available http//assets.concur.com/case-studies/cinemark-case-study.pdf.5 Concur, Building an Effective Business Case Automating Travel Booking and Expense Reporting Processing, February 2009. Online. Available http//www.travelwise.co.uk/business/downloads/CNQRWP-Building_an_Effective_Business_Case_NA.pdf.

Health Promotion and Teaching as Tools for Nursing Essay -- Healthy He

Laying the Foundation for a Healthier Future Health promotion and education are important tools for nursing. By promoting health and health teaching, nurses can back up lay the foundation for a healthier future. Major Concepts and DefinitionsBeliefa line of sense, declared or implied, that is intellectually and/or emotionally accepted as true by a person or group.Attitudea relatively constant feeling, predisposition, or a set of beliefs that is directed toward an object, a person, or a situation.Valuea preference that is shared and transmitted within a community.Behavioral diagnosisthe delineation of the specific health actions that are most likely to effect a health outcome.Health Belief Modela paradigm used to predict and explain health mien that is based on value-expectancy theory.Perceivehow one views oneselfs health.Expectanciesoutcomes and evaluation of how behavior is determined. Divided into third types.Environmental cuessubconcept of expec tancies, beliefs how events are connected.Outcome expectationsubconcept of expectancies, consequences of ones own actions.Efficacy expectationsubconcept of expectancies, ones own competence to perform the behavior required to influence outcomes.Incentives value of a particular object or outcome.Domains of learninginformation, skills, and attitudes needed to be taught to achieve the appropriate level of learning.Cognitive theater of operationssubconcept, development of new facts or concepts, building on or applying past knowledge to new situations.Psychomotor learningsubconcept, development of physical skills from simple to daedal actions.Affective learningrecognition of values, religious and spiritual beliefs, family interaction patterns and relationships and personal attitudes that affect decisions and problem-solving progress.Teachinga planned and purposeful activity that nurses use to improver the likelihood that individuals will learn. Major Assumptions Major assumpti ons are taken from Rosenstocks (1966) Health Belief Model, Banduras (1986) Social Cognitive Theory (Edleman & Mandle, 1998), and the teaching serve well (Boyd, Graham, Gleit, & Whitman, 1998). According to Leddy & Pepper (1993), assumptions from the Health Belief Model include the following aspects 1. Perceived susceptibility, the thickenings ... ... and the Social Cognitive Theory can help the nurse to analyze factors that contribute to mans perceived state of health. Working with the client in the proper domain of learning, the nurse will be able to assist the client to achieve the optimal level of functioning. This model can also be used with chronically ill patients. Again, the goal for the client is to achieve the optimal level of functioning. Difficulties in application to nursing practice would be the comatose patient or the terminally ill patient with no cognitive skills. Health promotion and teaching are valuable nursing tools but only if applied properly so the client is able to reconcile healthy behavior changes with the goal being to achieve his or her optimal level of functioning. References Boyd, M. D., Graham, B. A., Gleit, C. J., & Whitman, N. I. (1998). Health teaching in nursing practice A original model (3rd ed.). Stamford, CT Appleton & Lange. Edleman, C. L., & Mandle, C. L. (1998). Health promotion throughout the lifespan (4th ed.). St Louis, MO Mosby, Inc. Leddy, S., & Pepper, J. M. (1993). Conceptual bases of professional nursing (3rd ed.). Philadelphia J. B. Lippincott.

bob dylan Essay -- essays research papers

Imagine Everyday thousands of people get killed in a state of war no-one asked for. Friends and family atomic number 18 send to a horrible place with little chance youll ever see them again. This war, a useless and disgusting war started without any reasons and only goes on because the leaders of your country are too proud to make it end. For millions of American citizens this nightmare became truth. In 1964 the American president Johnson started sending soldiers to Vietnam. At the end of the war in 1972, it is estimated that, in total, over 2,5 million people on both sides were killed.As the war continued, the American people got more and more unsatisfied and infuriated at their government. They wanted the war to stop, it had been going on long enough and too many people had been killed, president Johnson, ho...

bob dylan Essay -- essays research papers

Imagine Everyday thousands of nation get killed in a war no-one asked for. Friends and family are send to a horrible place with slight chance youll ever see them again. This war, a useless and disgusting war started without any reasons and only goes on because the leaders of your country are too exalted to make it end. For millions of American citizens this nightmare became truth. In 1964 the American president Johnson started sending soldiers to Vietnam. At the end of the war in 1972, it is estimated that, in total, over 2,5 million people on both sides were killed.As the war continued, the American people got more and more unsatisfied and angry at their government. They wanted the war to stop, it had been going on long enough and too many people had been killed, president Johnson, ho...

Ashford Week 1 Quiz Eng225: Intro Film Essay

1. Question How many acts does the most basic narrative structure in characterisation consists of?TwoCORRECT ThreeFiveSeven2. Question Which setting seems most appropriate for a lead about emotional isolation?A crowded cityA small townCORRECT An abandoned outpostA college campus3. Question Which character in a movie is the earshot meant to identify with?CORRECT The protagonistThe antagonistThe love interestThe straight man4. Question What is the most likely reason that theatrical movies have survived opposition from television and various home video formats? CORRECT They are communal experiencesThey are less expensive to distributeThey are less expensive to considerThey are easier to access5. Question Which film would qualify as a small-budget film?CORRECT Paranormal ActivityTitanicAvatar6. Question Who is earlier responsible for the visual representation of a films story? CORRECT The cinematographerThe editorThe director7. Question A good film critic is likely to do which of t he following?Student Answer CORRECT Examine a film on many levels Rely on individualized impressionsExpress opinionsMake superficial observations8. Question Why are there fewer professional film critics in print media now than there in one case were? There are fewer movies being madeMovies are becoming less popular with print audiences CORRECT Media outlets are increasingly hiring wire-service critics9. Question In a scene from Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, the title characters are holed up inside a building discussing their plans for future bank robberies while the audience is shown the entire Bolivian army gathering outside to kill them. The filmmakers are making use of what literary element in this scene?CORRECT Dramatic irony metaphorAllegory10. Question Which of the following is a demonstration of media literacy? Knowing thenames of the actors and director of a movie CORRECT Recognizing how a movie manipulates the audiences reactions to it Enjoying a movie as simple ente rtainment

Allergies: Immune System and Genetically Modified Organism

Adrian V. Perse Human Biology Dr. Lawrence C. Cwik * 19 November 2012 Allergies * We live in a world were technology is growing every day. We possess rude(a) medical technology and be able to save more lives. With benefits come risks we have all this technology and we cant seem to stop genetically engineered foods from cause allergies. Ever wonder why people have allergic chemical reactions to specific things? A peck of people dont think about the foods they engage could cause them to have an allergic reaction.In this essay I will be talking about how genetically engineered foods can cause allergies or other obstinate health effects. * Allergies be very common in the United States. Allergies affect over fifty million Americans and is the fifth leading disease in America. assorted people overly have divers(prenominal) kinds of allergic reactions they could be more severe while about are mild. There are also different reaction times to allergies some take longer to develo p while some only take a few seconds.If you have an allergic reaction that means you have something inside your ashes that could be harmful to you, this cause your resistant system to have an over reaction to that hurtful/harmless substances. When this happens your body produces white blood cells to produce antibodies to eliminate the source of that threat. But what dose that have to do with GMOs? GMOs enter our body system directly through the foods that we eat. GMOs have a bigger effect on children then they do on adults because they are younger and their immune system isnt as strong/ resistant as an adults so they are more venerable.So what are GMOs you ask? GMOs stands for Genetically Modified Organism, which means a single celled organism that have been modified and pull into foods to prevent pesticides. These are some of the GMOs that resulted from agricultural. One kind of GMO that has been approved out there is called Herbicide Tolerance, which is found in soybeans it bui lds tolerance to glyphosate allowing crops that would normally have been destroyed to live. GMOs have a big impact non just on us but the environment to. Over eighty percent of GMOs grown are used to herbicide tolerance.GMOs pigs also affect animals cows and chickens are some of the main few. GMOs remain in our system long after we stop take in GMOs. GM crops also produce toxins through milk or animals that were feed GMOs. Kids are also at risk by drinking a lot of milk. GMOs can affects kids even before birth. Yea GMOs even affect pregnant mothers it harms the fetal development and future genes passed on. Thats a brief verbal description of what GMOs are and what they do. * Now lets talk about determine breeding and how it affects us. Let me tell you what plant breeding is first.Scientists have a method to removing and adding new desoxyribonucleic acid to organisms. They remove a part of DNA from an organisms then they find the specific gene they want and remove that from the D NA. After that they bind they bind the DNA and inserter it into a new organism. Scientists have been altering the genetics of plants trying to increase their value, they genetic alter crops by using unnatural breeding and use ultraviolet or gamma rays on these crops that we later consume. Genetically cross breeding decreases nutrition value then it normally would have been.Another disadvantages to plant breeding is antibiotic resistance. Plants are being inserted with antibiotics genes. When the plants receive the antibiotic and survives the antibiotic still remains inside the plant. When animals or humans consume this we could become immune to that antibiotic that we could of used later on being immune to a lot of antibiotic could prove harmful later in our generation. Increased toxicity is another disadvantage of plant breeding. Normally plants produce toxins but they are so mild that they do not have an affect on our health.By cross breeding plants this increases the toxicity t ake aim of plants and could prove to be harmful to our health that normally would have had been before cross breeding. Those are some of the different affects of plant breeding. * After all you hear about your probably wondering why we still use GMOs. One thing scientists have been testing is to manipulate tree genes into absorbing CO2 to dish reduce global warming. GMOs are selected to feed the growing population of the earth. We need more food cause were growing so fast we need to keep how much we produce higher then how much we consume.But who really needs the GMOs? Animals consume more GMOs then human do. More corn, soybeans, and other crops are feed to animals then humans. GMs are resistant to bacterial and viruses. GMs grow much faster then normal crops. GMs are resistant to harsh weather conditions such(prenominal) as colds making them able to grow in different environments. They can also add vitamins to the modified food, which could prove a good thing for ternary world c ountries that suffer from malnutrition. Another benefit to GMOs is that they last longer. They have a longer life expanse then they would of normally had. Now that you heard some of the advantages of GMOs let me tell you some of the disadvantages. Allergies are a big impact. In the past few years allergies has increased. This is cause by GMOs and cross breeding plants. continue breeding plants mixes up the different genes in organisms combining different proteins that should have not been combined with that organism normally. These new proteins are produced from genetic engineering and our immune system hasnt experienced this from of protein. This alerts the immune system to have an allergic reaction, which causes inflammation.This of course has a much more severe impact on children then it dose on adults and also has some long-term effects if you consume a lot of GMOs. GMOs dont just affect humans they also hurt the environment. This could even affect babies before they are even b orn. We all know pregnant moms shouldnt be eating specific kinds of foods. If a protein from something shes allergic to be mixed with another species and she consumes it could be harmful to herself but the baby as well. Changing different spices of plant could hurt the natural motorcycle of life.If they dont think GMOs are such a bad thing why dont they label it? The FDA refuses to put labels on food stating weather they have been genetically mortified or not. Americans have the right to know weather they are consuming genetically mortified food or not. People shouldnt be eating foods that could prove harmful to them their children. Other countries around the world have labels on their food stating if they are GM or not. When they are cross-breading plants/fruit they could be transferring different viruses from one organism to another with out even realizing it.GMOs also decrease the genetic diversity. Another big worry with GMOs are toxic fiction of neighboring crops. Nature is a very complex being and everything is linked together so altering the balance messes up natures cycle of life. There are a lot of advantages to using GMOs Im not saying there arent. But that doesnt change the fact that allergic reactions have increased substantially since the use of GMOs. A lot of countries already realized this and labeled their foods stating wither or not they contain GMOs. I think the United States should start labeling their foods.This isnt going to stop the use of GMOs but it will reduce the allergic reaction grade in America. Its a little scary to know that over seventy percent of the worlds population has been genetically modified. And how we dont know what were consuming that we just consume. We dont think about our health till the day we actually get sick and by then its to late. Around eighty six percent of the words GMOs are grown right here in the U. S. those are some of the slipway I think genetically engineered foods can cause allergies or other adve rse health effects. *

Anger Management

It tush stem from cutaneous sensess of frustration, hurt, annoyance or even disappointment. Some clock displeasure, hostility or antagonism towards some ane or something, usually combined with an neural impulse to harm. It is a complex emotion and when released improperly, it can have devastating effects on the party on the receiving end regardless if the party is a classical object, or somebody. Once someone is placed on that end, it is not unusual that they whitethorn want to escape the violent encounter. Not everyone is a natural natural fighter. And therefore there atomic number 18 others The ones who become defensive.More often than not, these people s masking listening or counter attack. Whether you run a centering or drive to fight, none of these results in any type of resolution whatsoever and most of the time sows more bad feelings that creep up behind us afterward on in life. ira is a very natural emotion that is experienced by all people. Everyone with proper disc ipline could put irritation in its place. Anger isnt a bad thing. It becomes bad when released in a poor fashion. Today, I leave behind be discussing ire. -Specifically, techniques that enhance inter personal communication and in turn, possibly reducing and managing poorly expressed ire.Now lets define what is meant by yellow bile management. The term yellow bile management usually refers to a system of psychological therapeutic techniques and exercises by which someone with excessive or un determinel adequate to(p) anger can reduce the triggers, degrees, and effects in an tempestuous emotional state. In the paragraphs to follow I will discuss what communication authors, scholars and experts had to say about anger management, including my findings and conclusions drawn from experiments and observations I have conducted and have celebrated utilizing these techniques.Rationale Admittedly, I wasnt going to do my research paper on anger. I had to contemplate. I thought is this something that I have trouble traffic with at times as do the people that ar around me. Every time I asked it, in any manner, the answer always remained the same. why not? So it reeled me in like a fish on a hook. Through my experiments and research paper I hoped to encounter everyday methods to suffice me release my anger in a constructive way, as I do lam to bottle up feelings inside and then blow my top.I am grateful that I dont have what is described as an anger problem by any means as it isnt frequent- but I do release it improperly at times. Sometimes being referred to as a claw since children hold their feelings in and then make the world pay after, I would like to correct that. Furthermore, I had previous knowledge that a lot of research has been done on anger management and I was curious to see what was to be said on this topic since we all deal with crazy people every day.Not only(prenominal) do I want to religious service myself, but I would rather like to help th ose that I know be less fortunate than I and spread the word to them so their lives could be a little less hectic then what it is. Research When researching about this topic, I came across the following study by Henry Kellerman. He posted an article stating the following information Anger all on its own is said to have its own personality. agree to Henry Kellermans, Ph. D, Anger is the Key, he depicts anger as having, six key characteristics. Those characteristics are described as the following Anger is inborn so it has an warring drive. It makes itself expansive wanting to get bigger and bigger. It wants to burst forth so it has explosive potential. Anger also constantly wants to attack. It has an entitled frame of mind feeling that it has the right to get tough. And lastly, it also sees itself as an empowerment so it eliminates feelings of helplessness. If one could keep in mind the six main things that anger manifests itself by, then you could fetch to learn to how to begin to take in with you emotions.Meaning, we diversify how we see things. More so our perception. When we are angry or upset, we tend to view anothers bearing as, controllable, characterological, and permanent. Saying how you feel, why and what you want and calming down are all ways to prevent unwanted anger. Sometimes we may not be able to control the sides that were placed in so we look for ways to change the reaction even when changing the situation may not be possible. Lets face it. We get angry and sometimes there is nothing we could really do.One way we can learn to lessen anger is by lessening the emotional impact so you would know how to express your anger in a manner that can promote resolution for the situation that triggered the anger in the first place. In my research I have found that anger is an expression of another emotion that lies underneath. In many situations, anger can be linked to intent to preserve personal worth to preserve essential contains, or to preserv e basic convictions. Identifying these unmet needs is one of the goals of anger management counseling.Once these needs are identified, you may need to determine how to address those situations and relationships that may lack boundaries, or healthy structure. In the article Anger focal point, by Harry Mills, he states that, People tend to go through a predictable set of several stages while working through life-changes. pass through the stages is largely due to a combination of motivation, technique and dedication. Some people move quickly through the stages, while others move more slowly, peradventure even taking a step or two backward before continuing on to complete their change. Since we want to enhance our communication skills, we need to first be able to learn effective anger management techniques which in turn would allow us to recognize the situations that make us angry so that we may be able to change. The four steps he says that can bring you better interpersonal skills are, awakeness, preparation, action and maintaining gains. In awareness, the angry person seeks information about anger management what anger is, how anger affects health and relationships, and how anger can be controlled. In preparation, you make a decision to in truth make a change in the way you will express anger.In the Action stage you start making real changes and perform the way you prepared to do. And finally, in the management stage you learn to accept the fact that you are not perfect, that you will make mistakes and act inappropriately and that you can call up from lapses in your behavior when they do occur. Achieving sustained behavior change is a project. It may take multiple attempts and multiple failures before you will achieve this goal. separately time you do lapse into old behavior, you can usage the tools and strategies you have learned along the way to help you pick yourself up and recover.Anger ManagementAnger is an emotion we have all displayed every once i n a while. However, when the anger gets out of control it is time to seek therapy. Here are some suggestions on how to handle anger management problems and how cognitive therapy may help. Controlling oneis anger is something we all have to deal with at some point. Yes, we tend to get angry with our spouse, the kids, co-workers and bosses. Or we vent our anger in situations involving motorists, or simply when someone pushes the wrong buttons.Anger management control via cognitive therapy is one way in which we can understand where the anger is coming from and how to effectively deal with any given situation in an appropriate and non-combative manner. In cognitive therapy sessions, certain techniques are utilized. These include relaxation methods and visualization techniques which allow the person to use certain images or words to relax when the anger inside rears its queasy head. For example, road rage has become quite prevalent in our society.One of the methods used in anger manage ment is to have the person visualize an shell wherein they become angry at another motorist, and then use the relaxation methods to rid themselves of that anger. In cognitive therapy, psychologists tallyer different ways for patients to react to the anger. For example, they may ask the patient to look at a situation in a more appropriate and positive manner instead of flying off the handle in a negative way. There are several ways in which psychologists may use these techniques. The first is assisting their patients to become more aware of their anger.Secondly, they may show the patients how to avoid situations in which they can become angry. Thirdly, teaching patients how to recognize what exactly causes the anger. And finally, offering a plan that the patients can utilize to change the way they react to others and avoid situations that trigger the anger to begin with. The one thing that is emphasized by psychologists is that for any treatment to be effective, it should not thin k a person ranting and raving about all of the things that make him or her angry. Instead, focusing on the cues that trigger the anger and utilizing relaxation techniques has been viewed as astray effective.While research is still ongoing to determine the underlying cause of anger, cognitive therapy is one method that is effective in controlling and monitoring such(prenominal) behavior. We all get angry, but it is how we deal with the anger that separates those who need anger management from those who do not. How many of you are guilty of cry at your kids? If you are a yeller, these easy strategies to stop yelling at your kids may provide you with the help you need to change your yelling habits. For anyone who does yell at their kids, you know its a hard habit to break.You may be so used to yelling that you dont even realize youre doing it. Remember your children will learn more by example than what is told or explained to them. So if you yell a lot, your children are more likely to follow suit. Once youve broken that steering wheel of yelling, youll find life as a family is much calmer. Are your children loud? You may have started yelling out of necessity so you would be heard. However, in many cases, yelling is done to release frustrations. No matter the reason for it, many parents who yell are embarrassed and wish things could change. Plan ahead. You know your children are going to frustrate you at some point, so plan ahead how you will handle it. Pay attention to the warning signs such as clenching your dentition or fists, a slight raise to your voice or possibly shaking. * Ask for help. Allow them to give you a signal if your voice begins getting louder. This could be a catch phrase which someone not in-the-know wont understand but you will recognize it as a clue to control yourself. * Develop coping mechanisms. Walk out of the room, take a deep breath or count to ten. amaze a coping mechanism that working for you and continue using it when you reali ze youre about to yell. Some people snap a rubber band which is around their wrist. * Think about your childs temper tantrums. Why do they have a meltdown? Theyre tired, hungry or frustrated. Are you experiencing the same things? * Pay attention to the times youre more liable to yell. Perhaps you yell when youre more stressed than usual. Once you understand when you yell, youll be better able to avoid those situations. * Find new ways to get your childrens attention. Dont yell if your children arent paying attention to you.Use a whistle, stand on a chair or try anything out of the ordinary. * If all else fails, seek professional help. Some people have a hard time breaking habits and yelling is one of them. Speak to someone who can hold you accountable or a professional who deals with anger management. They may be able to provide you with the help you need. There are many reasons to stop yelling. It could affect your childrens self-esteem and it causes your blood pressure to rise. Us ing these easy strategies to stop yelling at your kids, you can change the dynamics of your home from stressful to peaceful.Give it a try and see if these methods work for you. One type of free anger management practise is relaxation, where the individual learns different techniques to help him to relax and calm down before saying or doing anything rash. Deep breathing is one technique individuals can use where they concentrate on breathing deeply in through the nose and out through the mouth, taking a minute to calm down. This breathing should be done through the diaphragm, which means the air should be pulled down toward the gut rather than just through the chest.While breathing, the individual can say a calming word or phrase to himself such as calm down and can picture a soothing scene or person in his mind. Exercise is another free anger management activity that individuals can use to calm down. This does not mean that an individual has to go to a sports gym, but can merely ta ke a time out where he or she walks down the hallway or around the twist a coupe of times to get some fresh air, expend some energy, breathe and work to calm down. Another free anger management activity is to work on changing the way a person thinks when he becomes irritated.This includes changing inner thoughts to more constructive patterns such as reminding himself that getting angry does not help or change anything about a situation, only finding a solution or resolution to the situation is helpful. Using a ledger or notebook during this phase or reconditioning in free anger management activities can be helpful since some individuals process their thoughts better when written out on paper where they can review them to see which ones are rational and which ones might need to be re-evaluated.In addition to these free anger management activities, it is also wise to plan some fun time into every day so that the individual has time to unwind and let swooning of all the burdens tha t he has been exacting over the course of the day. Many angry people are really at the root stressed out, feeling like they cannot carry any more burdens on their shoulders so that the least irritations seem huge and lead them to anger. Reducing stress also reduces anger in these people and building in personal time can help with this.

Oops (Bca)

Punjab Technical University Jalandhar Syllabus Scheme (1st to 6th Semester) For Bachelors in electronic computer Applications (BCA) Applicable from August 2005 & Onwards STUDY SCHEME FOR BCA SEMESTER -1 formula BCA-101 BCA-102 BCA-103 BCA-104 BCA-105 BCA-106 BCA -107 BCA -108 TOTAL SEMESTER -2 Code BCA-201 BCA-202 BCA-203 BCA-204 BCA-205 BCA -206 BCA -207 TOTAL Subject Principles of counsel trunk Analysis & bearing Math-I (Discrete) Data organizes digital Ckt. & Logic Design Hardware Lab-I (BC -205) computer software Lab- threesome (BC-204) L 48 48 48 24 32 200 P 0 0 0 24 16 40 TOTAL 48 48 48 48 48 240 INT. 5 25 25 25 25 25 25 175 EXT. 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 525 TOTAL MARKS coke 100 100 100 100 100 100 700 Subject psychiatric hospital to nurture technology Math (Bridge Course) Basic explanation Programming in C Communication Skills (Business Communication) Communication & Soft Skills Software Lab I(BC-101 & 103 Software Lab II(BC-104) L 24 48 32 24 48 30 206 P 24 0 16 24 0 64 TOTAL 48 48 48 48 48 30 270 INT. 25 25 25 25 25 50 25 25 225 EXT. 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 525 TOTAL MARKS 100 100 100 100 100 50 100 100 750SEMESTER 3 Code BCA-301 BCA-302 BCA-303 BCA-304 BCA-305 BCA -306 BCA -307 TOTAL SEMESTER -4 Code Subject L P TOTAL INT. EXT. TOTAL MARKS Subject Math-II ( computing machine Oriented Methods) Management instruction forms Software plan Object Oriented Programming in C++ Introduction to Microprocessor Software Lab IV (BC-304) Hardware Lab II (BC-305) L 30 40 40 32 32 174 P 18 0 0 32 16 66 TOTAL 48 40 40 64 48 240 INT. 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 175 EXT. 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 525 TOTAL MARKS 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 700 BCA-401 BCA-402 BCA-403 BCA-404 BCA -405 BCA -406 BCA -407 data processor interlockings Data Base Management System Computer System Architecture direct System Workshop on Visual Basic Software Lab V (BC-402) Software Lab VI (BC-405) Unix /Linux 36 40 48 36 24 144 0 20 0 12 24 96 36 60 48 48 48 240 25 25 25 25 100 25 25 250 75 75 75 75 0 75 75 450 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 700 SEMESTER -5 Code BCA-501 BCA-502 BCA-503 BCA-504 BCA -505 BCA -506 BCA -507 TOTAL Subject meshing Applications and coffee bean System Software Computer Graphics Operation Research Software Lab VII (Major spew I) Software Lab V leash (BC-501) Software Lab IX (BC-503) 148 L 36 36 36 40 P 36 0 12 0 44 92 TOTAL 72 36 48 40 44 240 INT. 5 25 25 25 25 25 25 175 EXT. 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 525 TOTAL MARKS 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 700 SEMESTER -6 Code BCA-601 BCA-602 BCA -603 BCA -604 BCA -605 BCA -606 BCA -607 TOTAL Subject Artificial comprehension Handling run Systems Software Lab X (Major Project II) Software Lab XI ( meshing Designing) Software Lab XII (BC-602) Seminar (BC-603) Comprehensive Viva-Voce L 48 48 96 P 0 48 80 16 144 TOTAL 48 96 80 16 240 INT. 25 25 25 25 25 100 225 EXT. 75 75 75 75 75 100 525 TOTAL MARKS 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 700 SEMESER -1 BCA-101 .Introduction to Information Technology instructions FOR PAPER-SETT ER The apparent movement news report card go away inhabit of Two parts, A and B. break away A bequeath select 15 little say enquires (40-60 words) of 2 attach for from apiece one one. disclose B bequeath hasten 12 long firmness of purpose questions of 5 label to for every(prenominal)(prenominal) one one. The political program of the loose is divide into 3 sections I, II and III. The question base ordain savvy the inviolate syllabus uniformly. break away A go away tend 5 questions from each voice Ind trip B go away retain 4 questions from each section. steering FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to get down all told questions from vox A and 9 questions of eccentric B appear of 12. ____________________________________________________________________ sectionalisation I Computer Fundamentals Number Systems, History of Computers, Block diagram of computer & detailed significance of each part. Study of I/O devices Keyboard, Hard disk, Flo ppy disk, CD-ROM, DVD, Plotters, Scanners, mouse, Printers Dot matrix, Laser, Thermal Inkjet, VDU. part II Primary & supplementary memories. Introduction to Operating Systems & its functions Definition of Simple batch tint, multi courseming, multiprocessing, real-time, time-sharing formations, Concept of Spooling, air division III Typical DOS commands, making simple batch registers.Application of Computers in assorted fields Defense, Industry, Management, Sports, Commerce, Internet. omputer and communication Single user, Multi-user, Workstations, and Overview of LAN, WAN Overview of modem, E-Mail, Fax Internet facilities through WWW BCA-102. BRIDGE COURSE IN MATHEMATICS argumentS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question composition allow consist of Two parts, A and B. break in A ordain cause 15 short dissolvent questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. cancel B testament maintain 12 long decide questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the heart-to-heart is carve up into 3 sections I, II and III.The question paper entrust apply the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A volition concord 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B provide carry 4 questions from each section. culture FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to exertion all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B tabu of 12. _____________________________________________________________________ Section I discipline traffic and functions elements of a set, methods of describing a set, types of set, Venn diagram, operations on sets, union, interSection Ind difference of set, Duality, partioning of a set, trigonometric functions.Section II Binomial theorem and principle of mathematics induction Introduction to matrix, properties of matrix evaluation of determinant, minor and cofactors and properties of determinant Section III Statistics introduction to statistics, collection, and tabulation of information, mean, normal and mode. BCA-103. Basic Accounting Section I Basic Accounti ng Introduction, brilliance and scope, concepts and conventions full generally accepted bank billing principles-double entry framework Basic concepts of Journals, ledgers, purchase book, sales book, cashbook. Section II Preparation of financial statements Profit and loss account and balance sheet.Nature, scope, advantage and limitations of direction accounting. Section III Sources of raising of capital in corporate belowtaking simple treatment to issue of shares, forfeiture of shares and re issue of forfeited shares. Application of computers in accounting. BCA-104. Programming in C operating instructions FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper bequeath consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A leave behind have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will spoil the entire syllabus uniformly.Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B turn out of 12. _____________________________________________________________________ Section I Fundamentals Character set, Identifiers & Keywords, Data Types, constants, set, constants, variables, expressions, statement, symbolic constants. Operations and expressions Arithmetic operators, single operators, relational and logical systemal operators, assignment and conditional operators, and library functions.Data comment and output Preliminaries, single persona input, single character output, entering input data, more close the scanf function, writing output data, more about printf function, the gets and puts function, interactive programming. Section II require statements Preliminaries, while, do-while and for statements. Nested loops, if else, switch, break continue statement. solves Brief ov erview, defining accessing function, passing perimeters to function, specifying argument data types, function prototype and recursion.Program structure Storage crystalisees, automatic, external, and static variables, more about library functions. Array defining and processing an array, passing pointers to a function, pointer and champion dimensional arrays, operations on pointers, passing functions multidimensional arrays of pointers, passing functions to the other functions, more about pointer declarations. Section III Structure And Unions Defining and processing a structure, user defined data types, structure and Pointers, passing structure to function, self-referential structures, and unions.Data files Opening, closing, creating, and processing and unformatted data field. C-programming applications Sorting (Bubble sort, Selection sort), Searching (Binary search, Linear Search). BCA-105. COMMUNICATION SKILLS (BUSINESS COMMUNICATION) INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question pap er will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will overcompensate the entire syllabus uniformly.Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. _____________________________________________________________________ Section I Introduction to Business Communication Meaning and Definition, Process and Classification of communication, Elements & Characteristics of communication. Corporate communication Formal and Informal Communication, Grapevine, Communication barriers, Importance of communication. Section II Principles of legal Communications 7 Cs ConceptWritten communication Meaning, objectives a nd essentials of effective written communication, media or types of Written communication. Non Verbal Communication Importance, forms or Media, Kinesics. Effective Listening meaning, nature and importance of good listening, types of listening Principles of effective listening, factors affecting listening, barriers in listening, difference between hearing and listening. Section III Writing Skills Short Compositions Classified Advertisements, smirch Vacant, Situation wanted, Career Guidance, Counseling, Lost and found, Sale / Purchase, To let.Notices General / Public Notices, Tender Notices, Auction Notices. Letter Writing Official letters, Placing orders, Sending Replies, Letters to Editors, Application for job. Comprehension Passages (From text edition book only comprehension question should be asked, No general question) BCA-106. COMMUNICATION AND SOFT SKILLS Essentials of Grammar Parts of Speech, Punctuation, Vocabulary Building, Phonetics Office Management Types of Corresp ondence, Receipt and run into of Mail, Filing Systems, Classification of Mail. Role & Function of Correspondence, MIS, Managing Computer Letter & Resume Writing Types of Letters-Formal / Informal, Importance and Function, draft the Applications, Elements of Structure, Preparing the Resume, Dos & Donts of Resume, Helpful Hints foundation Skills Importance of Presentation Skills, Capturing Data, Voice & Picture Integration, Guidelines to make Presentation Interesting, Body Language, Voice Modulation, Audience Awareness, Presentation Plan, Visual Aids, Forms of Layout, Styles of Presentation.Interview Preparation Types of Interview, Preparing for the Interviews, Attending the Interview, Interview Process, Employers Expectations, General Etiquette, Dressing Sense, Postures & Gestures Group Discussion & Expressions, Evaluation Presentation Definition, Process, Guidelines, Helpful (Note Every student shall be given 15 proceedings. of presentation time & 45 minutes of discussion on his / her presentation. ) The student will be evaluated on the basis of his / her presentation style Feedback of Faculty & Students General Etiquette Proficiency in Letter Drafting / Interview PreparationThe paper is internal and at least 3 tests will be taken. Best 2 of 3 shall account for final grades (70% Test & 30% Presentation) SEMESER -2 BCA-201. PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will over-correct the entire syllabus uniformly.Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. ______________________________________ _______________________________ Section I Forms of business organizations and ownership Sole proprietorship, Partnership, Joint stock company, Public & Private undertakings, Government companies. Management Meaning & definition of solicitude, nature, scope and its sundry(a) functions.Section II Planning nature and purpose, types, steps in planning , determination making Strategic , tactical and operational decision, decision making process, rationality in decision making. Organizing nature, importance, the organizing process, organizational objectives, formal and informal organization, organization chart, span of management factors determining effective span, Departmentation definition, departmentation by function, by territory, product/service customer group management by objectives (MBO), Delegation, Decentralization v/s centralization.Section III Staffing definition, manpower management, factors affecting staffing, Recruitment and selection , Performance appraisal . Moti vation theories of Motivation hierarchy of ineluctably theory, theory of X and theory of Y. Leadership styles, theories of leadership trait approach and situational approach, managerial grid. Controlling meaning & nature , steps in controlling , essentials of effective control dodges. BCA-202. SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each.Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. _____________________________________________________________________ Section I System Concepts Definition, characteristics, elements & types of system.System development life cycle Recognition of need Feasibility study Section II system analysis-introduction, information collection, interviews, questionnaires, observation, record searching and document analysis, analysis tools, data flow diagram, data dictionary, decision tree, structured English and decision table. Section III System Design The process and stages of systems design, input/output and file design System Implementation System implementation, system testing, implementation process and implementation methods system maintenance. BCA-203.MATH-I (DISCRETE MATHS) INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. ____________________________________________________________________ Section I Set theory. Relations and functions Set bills and description, subsets, basic set operations. Venn diagrams, laws of set theory, partition of sets, min sets, duality principle, basic definitions of relations and functions, graphics of relations, properties of relations injective, surjective and bijective functions, composition. Section II Combinations Rule of products, permutations, combinations.Algebra of Logic Propositions and logic operations, truth tables and propositions generated by set, equivalence and implication laws of logic, mathematical system, and propositions over a universe, mathematical induction, quantifiers. Recursion and recurrence The umteen faces of recursion, recurrence, relations, and some common recurrence relations, generating functions. Section III Graph theory Various types of graphics, simple and multigraphs, directed and undirected graphs, Eulerian and Hamiltonian graph, graph connectivity, traversals, graph optimisations, Graph subterfugeing, trees, spanning trees, root trees, binary trees.BCA-204. DATA STRUCTURES INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. _____________________________________________________________ _______ Section I Introduction to Data Structure Basic concept of data, line analysis , algorithm complexity, Big O notation and time space trade off. Stacks & Queues Basics of stacks and queues, Recursion, Polish notation, orbitual Queues, priority Queues. Section II Linked Lists Single linked list, circular linked list, doubly linked list and dynamic storage management, generalized list, Garbage Collection. Trees Definition & Concepts, Basic trees, Binary tree representations, threaded storage representation, binary tree traversals, and application of trees.Section III Searching and sorting use of various data structures for searching and sorting, linear and binary search, insertion sort, selection sort, merge sort, burble sort, quick sort, Heap sort. BCA-205. DIGITAL CIRCUITS & LOGIC DESIGN INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long a nswer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III.The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. _____________________________________________________________________ Section I Introduction Overview of number system and codes. Elements and functions of digital Logic gates, Gate propagation tick off time, logic gates, Gate propagation delay time, and logic gate applications.Boolean algebra Boolean operations, SOP and POS forms, and simplification using karnaugh maps, Realization of expressions using goals. Section II combinational logical circuits design of Binary Adder-Serial, Parallel, Carry look ahead type. Full subtractor, code converters, MUX and DEMUX, encoders and encoders. Sequential log ic circuits Flip flop R-S, J-K, Master slave J-K, D and T flip-flops using nand gates. Section III Counters Design of asynchronous and synchronous, updown and programmable counters. Registers shift registers, various types and their applications.Detection and correction codes, detecting and correcting an computer error. SEMESER -3 BCA-301. MATHS II (COMPUTER ORIENTED METHODS) INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section.INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. __________________________________________ ___________________________ Section I intercellular substance Algebra Introduction of a matrix, its different kinds, matrix addition and scalar multiplication, Multiplication of matrices, Square matrix, Rank of a matrix, Transpose, Adjoint and Inverse of a matrix Solving co-occurrent equations using Gauss elimination method, Gauss Jorden Method and matrix inversion method Section II Statistics Measures of central tendency.Preparing frequency distribution table, arithmetic mean, geometric mean, harmonic mean, median and mode. Measures of dispersion Range, mean deviation, standard deviation, co-efficient of variation, moments, Skewness and Kurtosis Differential Calculus Introduction, Differentiation, Derivative of a Function of One Variable, Power Function, Sum and Product of Two Functions, Function of a Function, Differentiation by method of substitution, Maxima and Minima Section III Integral Calculus Indefinite Integral, Integration by substitution, integration by parts,, Integra tion by partial fractions, definite integral.Numerical integration Trapezoidal method, simpsons 1/3 rule, simpsons 3/8 rule. BCA-302. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section.INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. _____________________________________________________________________ Section I Introduction to Systems and Basic Systems Concepts, Types of Systems, The Systems Approach, Information Systems Definition & Characteristics, Types of Information, Role of Inform ation in Decision Making, Sub Systems of an Information system EDP and MIS, management levels, EDP/MIS/DSS.Section II An overview of Management Information System Definition & Characteristics, Components of MIS, Frame Work for Understanding MIS Robert Anthonys Hierarchy of Management Activity, Information requirements & Levels of Management, Simons Model of decision- Making, Structured Vs Un-structured decisions, Formal Vs. Informal systems. Section III Developing Information Systems Analysis & Design of Information Systems Implementation & Evaluation, Pitfalls in MIS Development. Functional MIS A Study of Marketing, Personnel, Financial and Production MIS. BCA-303.SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. ____________________________________________________________________ Section I Software Characteristics, Components, Applications, Software Process Models Waterfall, Spiral, Prototyping, Fourth Generation Techniques, Concepts of Project Management, Role of Metrics & Measurements. S/W Project Planning Objectives, Decomposition techniques S/W Sizing, Problem ground estimation, Process based estimation, Cost Estimation Models COCOMO Model, The S/W Equation, Section II System Analysis Principles of Structured Analysis, Requirement analysis, DFD, Entity Relationship diagram, Data dictionary.S/W Design Objectives, Principles, Concepts, Design methodologies Data design, Architectural design, procedural design, Object -o riented concepts Section III Testing fundamentals Objectives, principles, testability, Test cases White box & Black box testing, Testing strategies hitch & validation, unit test, integration testing, validation testing, system testing BCA-304. OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING USING C++ INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each.The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. _____________________________________________________________________ Section I Introduction Object oriented programming, characteristics of object orientated languages, classes, C++ basics Program Statements, Variables and constants, Loops and Decisions.Functions Defining a function, function arguments & passing by value, arrays & pointers, function & strings, functions & structures. Section II Classes & Objects Defining class, class constructors and destructors, operator overloading. Class Inheritance Derived class & base class realistic, Friends and Static functions Multiple inheritance, Polymorphism. Section III Input/output files Streams, buffers & iostreams, header files, redirection, file input and output. BCA-305. INTRODUCTION TO MICROPROCESSOR INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B.Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 quest ions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. ____________________________________________________________________ Section I Introduction to Microprocessor, its historical background and its applications. INTEL 8085 Introduction, Microprocessor Architecture and its operations, 8085 MPU and its architecture,8085 instruction cycle ,8085 Instructions Data Transfer instructions, Arithmetic instructions, logical instructions, Branch instructions,RISC v/s CISC processors. Section II INTEL 8086 Introduction, 8086Architecture,real and Protected mode memory Addressing, Memory Paging Addressing Modes. Various types of instructions Data movement, Arithmetic and logic and program control.Type of instructions, Pin diagram of 8086, clock generator (8284A) Section III INTERRUPTS Introduction, 8257 Interrupt controller, basic DMA operation and 82 37 DMA Controller, Arithmetic coprocessor, 80X87 Architecture. SEMESER -4 BCA-401. COMPUTER NETWORKS INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly.Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. _____________________________________________________________________ Section I Data communications concepts Digital and analog parallel and serial synchronous and asynchronous, simplex, half duplex, duplex, multiplexing. Communication channels Wired transmissions Telephone lines, leased lines, switch line, coaxial cable s-base band, broadband, optical fiber transmission.Section II Wireless transmission Microwave transmission, infrared transmission, laser transmission, radio transmission, and satellite transmission. Communication switching techniques Circuit switching, message switching, packet switching. Network reference models Network topologies, OSI references model, TCP/IP reference model, comparison of OSI and TCI reference model. Section III Data link layer design issue Services provided to the network layer, framing, error control, flow control HDLC, SDLC, data link layer in the internet (SLIP, PPP).MAC sub layer CSMA/CD, IEEE standards, FDM, TDM, CDMA. The Network Layer Design Issues, Routing Algorithms Optimality principled, shortest path routing, Concept of Internet Working. BCA-402. DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 l ong answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly.Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. _____________________________________________________________________ Section I An overview of the DBMS Concept of database system, Database Administrator and his responsibilities. Physical and Logical data independence. Three level Architecture of database system the external level, conceptual level and the internal level.Introduction to Data Models Entity Relationship Model, Hierarchical, Network and comparative Model. Comparison of Network, Hierarchical and Relational Model. Section II Relational data model Relational database, relational algebra and calculus, SQL dependencies, functional, mu lti-valued and join, normalization. Section III Database protection Recovery, concurrency, warrantor, integrity and control. Distribute database Structure of distributed database, design of distributed databases. BCA-403. COMPUTER SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B.Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. _____________________________________________________________________Section I Computer Organization & Design Instruction codes, op-codes, Computer Registers, Computer Ins tructions, Timing and Control, Instruction Cycle, Memory reference instructions, CPU Stack Organization, Instruction format, Addressing Formats. Section II Control Unit Architecture, I/O Architecture Transfer of Information among I/O devices, CPU, Memory and I/O ports. Section III Memory System Storage technologies, Memory hierarchy, Memory mapping, Main memory and Auxiliary memory, Associative and Cache memory Introductory study of 8-bit Microprocessor BCA-404.OPERATING SYSTEMS INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt a ll questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. ____________________________________________________________________ Section I Introduction to Operating System, its need and Operating System services Operating System classification single user, multi-user, simple batch processing, Multiprogramming, Multitasking, Parallel system, Distributed system, Real time system. Process Management Process Concept, Process scheduling, Overview of InterProcess communication, Section II CPU Scheduling Basic concepts, Scheduling Criteria, Scheduling Algorithms.Memory Management Logical Versus Physical address space, Swapping Partition, paging and segmentation, concepts of Virtual Memory. File Management File concept, access methods, Directory Structure, file protection. Allocation methods Contiguous, linked and index allocation. Section III Deadlocks Deadlock Characteristics, Prevention, Avoidance, Detection and Recovery, critical section, synchronization hardware, semaphores, comb ine approach to deadlock handling. Security Authentication, Program Threats, System Threats, and Encryption. BCA-405.WORKSHOP ON VISUAL BASIC Develop an Application using Visual Basic Bank transactions management Hotel Management Gas agency management Office automation Railway reservation Computerisation course registration Hostel management Hospital management Inventory management Competitive examination database Air line reservation Transport management College admission Library management Note Any Relational Database System can be used as back end. SEMESER -5 BCA-501. INTERNET APPLICATIONS AND JAVA INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B.Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. _____________________________________________________________________ Section I Introduction Internet Architecture board, understanding the internet.Concept Working, Surfing and security on the internet. Internet protocols Internet addressing, internet routing protocols internet message protocol, internet group management protocols, internet mail protocol. Internet applications E-mail, multi cost backbone, net news. Web World Wide Web advantages of web, web terminology, web access using web browser, locating information on the web. Section II Introduction to Java Applets, application & JDK, different b/w Java & C++, working with Java objects Encapsulation, inheritance & polymorphism, constructors.Garbage collection & finalisers, data types, modifies & expressions, array & flow control statements. Se ction III Exception handling threads, event handling, network programming & Java virtual machines, Java & databases. BCA-502. SYSTEM SOFTWARE INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each. Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly.Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. _____________________________________________________________________ Section I Introduction to software processors elements of congregation language programming assembly scheme, single pass and two pass assembler general design procedure of a two pass assembler. Section II Macro s and Macro processor macro definition, macro expansion, and features of macro facility, design of macro processor.Overview of compilers memory allocation, lexical analysis, syntax analysis, Intermediate code generation and optimization local and global optimization, code generation. Section III Loaders and linkage editors Introduction to Loading, linking and relocation, program linking, linkage editors, dynamic linking, bootstrap loader. Other system software Operating System, DBMS, Functions and structure of Text Editor. BCA-503. COMPUTER GRAPHICS INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each.Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. _____________________________________________________________________ Section I Input devices Keyboard, Touch panel, light pens, Graphic tablets, Joysticks, Trackball, Data glove, Digitizers, Image scanner, Mouse, Voice & Systems.Hard copy devices Impact and non impact printers, such as line printer, dot matrix, laser, ink-jet, electrostatic, flatbed and drum plotters. Section II Video Display Devices Refresh cathode -ray tube, raster scan displays, random scan displays, color CRT-monitors, direct view storage tube, flat-panel displays three-D viewing devices, raster scan systems, random scan systems, graphics monitors and workstations. Scan conversion algorithms for line, circle and ellipse, Bresenhams algorithms, area filling techniques, character generation.Section III 2-dimensional Graphics Cartesian and Homogeneous co-ordinate system, Geometric transformations (translation, Scaling, Rotation, Reflection, Shearing), Two-dimensional viewing transformation and clipping (line, polygon and text). 3-dimensional Graphics Geometric transformations (translation, Scaling, Rotation, Reflection, Shearing), Mathematics of Projections (parallel & perspective). 3-D viewing transformations and clipping. BCA-504. OPERATION RESEARCH INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each.Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syllabus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. _____________________________________________ ________________________ Section I Origin & development of O. R. , Nature & Characteristics features of O. R. Models & Modeling in Operation Research. Methodology of O. R. , General methods for solving O. R. Models, O. R. & Decision making, Application, office & Limitations of O. R. Section II Linear Programming formulation, Graphical, Big MMethod & Simplex Method, Duality in L. P. Conversion of Primal to Dual only Transportation Problems Test for Optimality, decadency in Transportation Problems. Unbalanced Transportation, Assignment Problems, Traveling Salesman Problem. Section III Decision Making Decision Making Environment, Decision under uncertainty, Decision under risk, Decision tree Analysis.Integer Programming and Dynamic Programming Concept and Advantages only. SEMESER -6 BCA-601 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Section I Introduction to AI Definitions, AI problems, the underlying assumption, and AI techniques, Level of Model, Criteria for Success. Problems, Problem Space and Sea rch defining the problem as a state space search, Production System, Problem Characteristics, Production System Characteristics, issues in design of search programs. Section II Knowledge Representation Issues representation and mapping, approaches to knowledge representation, issues in knowledge representation, the frame problem.Knowledge representation using predicate logic representing simple facts in logic, representing instance and is a relationships, resolution Section III Weak -slot and -filler structures semantic nets, frames as sets and instances. Strong slot and filler structures Conceptual dependency, scripts, CYC. innate language processing syntactic processing, semantic analysis, discourse and pragmatic processing. BCA-602. HANDING OPERATING SYSTEMS INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER-SETTER The question paper will consist of Two parts, A and B. Part A will have 15 short answer questions (40-60 words) of 2 marks each.Part B will have 12 long answer questions of 5 marks each. The syl labus of the subject is divided into 3 sections I, II and III. The question paper will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. Part A will carry 5 questions from each Section Ind Part B will carry 4 questions from each section. INSTRUCTION FOR CANDIDATES Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Part A and 9 questions of Part B out of 12. _____________________________________________________________________ Section I Handing Novel NetWare Introduction, Installation, configuration, managing resources and users.Granting access rights to users. Handing Windows NT Server Planning Comparison of Microsoft OS (Windows 95, 98 NT workstation), Workgroups & Domains, choosing disk configuration, choosing Window NT protocols. Section II Installing & configuration Installing windows NT Server, Windows NT & registry, control panel, configuration protocols & bindings, network adapters, peripherals & devices, hard disk, printing & its client computer. Section III Managing resources Managin g users & group account, policies & profiles, system policy with system policy editor, disk resources, working with windows NT, the resources, UNC.Connectivity Inter operating with NetWare, Configuring remote access service. BCA-603 . Software Lab X (Major Project Phase II) Continuation of Major Project started in V semester (Code Generation, system testing, Installation and operations & maintenance) BCA-607. Comprehensive Viva Voce Viva of Full syllabus analyze under BCA course. Format of Project Report Title Cover Certificate from organozation about your stay (Project Duration) at that place and about submission of work through with(p) under external guide at the place of training.Certificate from your guide about the submission of work done under his/her guidance, Internal Supervisor. Table of Contents, abstract of the expulsion (abstract of actual workdone). A brief overview of the organization (regarding function area, location, division in which you are working, turnover) Profile of problems assingned. Study of existing system, if any. System requirements Product Definition Problem Statement Function to be Provided Processing Environment H/W, S/W.Solution Strategy Acceptance Criteria Feasibility Analysis Project Plan Team Structure Development Schedule Programming Languages And Development Tools System Requirement Specifications Developing / Operating / Maintenance Environments External Interface And Data Flows User display and report format, user command summary High level DFD and data dictionary Functional and performance specifications Design Detailed DFDs and structure diagrams Data structures, database and file specifications Pseudocode Test Plan Functional, Performance, Stress tests etc.Implementation / Conversion Plan Project Legacy Current status of project Remaining areas of concern Technical and managerial lessons learnt incoming recommendations Bibliography Source Code (if available) Note The above is meant to serve as a guideline for preparation of your project report. You may add to, modify or degenerate some of the above-mentioned points depending upon their relevance to your project. You may also consult your internal supervisor for the same.