Damage That Has Been Done to Children of Divorce Essay Example for Free

Damage That Has Been Done to Children of Divorce EssayWhen a marriage is not working, there is a breakdown of communication, common goals, or trust, and often this ends in divorce. A divorce is a very painful process with detrimental effects on kidskinren that ar involved (Wienstock 5). The general trauma of a divorce and the level of severity it has on a youngster are mainly due to the childs age when a divorce takes place. The psychological effects are ordinarily considered long term and the hardest to deal with for children involved (Persons 1). The easiest of all effects of a divorce is a child is carriage outburst normally displaying aggression and a feeling of not caring about anything or anyone any more(prenominal).The general effects of a divorce peck affect everyone involved, but often the children willing show the speech pattern and sensations of a divorce more openly that an adult would.The fear of abandonment and losing one of the enhances is waste on a ch ild (Wienstock 3). How a children perceives their homes normally sets the level of damage children are going to have to cope with through out the divorce and thereafter. If a child perceives the home as stable, they may handle a divorce well, but if a child perceives a home as freighting and scary place, they may try to avoid dealing with it at all. The trauma that a child endures will probably be worse than a child in a stable household environment. The most important issue that affects the level of perception and a level of damage is the age of a child when the parents divorce (Wienstock 3). young children will normally take a divorce of their parents more personally and handle it worse than an older child would.The psychological effects are more categorized as long-term effect that leave the children feeling responsible and blaming themselves for the guilt of a divorce everyone going through. Most children exercise a disposition of loss during a divorce that can only be compar ed to as lost of a loved one (Children of Divorce 4). Feeling of rejections and loneliness normally confuses a child to the point of depression and some times suicide. The struggle as a child trys to keep in contact with the absent parent withoutoffending the parent that they are still are with becomes stressful and some times damaging to a young child (Wienstock 4). The deepest of all emotions is anger, and it is the easiest to recognize in older children that are coping with a divorce (Persons). The anger is normally turned toward both parents and sibling in the household (Wienstock 4 5).The behavior commute in a child is almost immediate after the announcement of a divorce. The behavior outburst and disruption in a childs life are signs that a child is having a hard time dealing with the idea of parents splitting up. Academic problems with school activities and grades and physical displays of anger are the first of behavior effects to be seen in a family that is falling apart ( Wienstock 5). Older children and even younger children are turning to drugs and alcohol to cope with the emotional stress of losing one of the parents in the household . Girls tend to become sexual active with older partners, as they long to bump a father like realise to replace the parent that is no longer a direct part of their lives (Wienstock 5). Boys tend to have shorter relationships refusing to get close for fear of being rejected over again as they might have felt when their mother left them with his father as a child during a divorce. These children are just trying to find someone that they feel will not abandoned them as they feel their parents have done to them.The painful process that is broken into stages is navigated by a child and adults alike that have been subject to a divorce. The loss of the other parent is compared by most specialists to a death of a loved one. In therapy, the psychological effects in children are normally over looked as a child grows up and i nto adults themselves. These children typically are found to have myopic relationships and an excited social life as they struggle to find where they belong in this world. The physical effects that affect everyone are the choices that children make while thinking that they will never survive the divorce. Drugs, alcohol, and the sexual behaviors of the older children are just a few effects that a divorce can have on the children. The poor decisions of the current generation to enter in to marriage lightly at such a young age, leaves our society open for a generation of emotion basket cases of parents to raise the our futuregenerations..

Class distinctions and dating Essay Example for Free

Class distinctions and dating EssayWillie Mossop started off at the runner of this drama as a shoemaker, in Hobsons Cellar. He was of a low class and had great potential but little ambition. His first step was when Mrs Hepworth said that she only wants her habilitate to be made by Willie. The next step towards his final personality was when Maggie proposed to marry him. He then went off with Maggie and started off his experience problem and then, non only did he stand up to Hobson, his former master, but he also stood up to Maggie, his own wife. In this coursework I intend to explore the play from the perspective of Willie Mossops development.The shop windows and entrance from street occupy the left side. Facing the audience is the counterThe play starts off with a rather long explanation of the settings in the shop. This is because Harold Brighouse is making sure that the play should be in an entirely realistic scenery.The first impression that we get of the family relat ionship is that the tercet daughters are quite a friendly towards each other but together they all are against their father, Hobson. Maggie is the eldest of the children, all of whom are not yet married. Maggie has a stubborn character and acts equal a mother to the other two girls. She is strict, confident and she is very persuasive especially when she manages to get Albert out of the shop when it was very obvious in her mind that he wanted to speak to Alice.Hobson is fifty-five, successful, coarse, florid When Hobson enters then for the first time we regard the first time we see the whole family together. We can at once enounce that it is the girls that do the work in the shop and Hobson does nothing. His intention was to go to the Moonrakers which he usually spends most of the day, rather than working in the shop or being at home. He then feels very concerned about his family name, and about the daughters uppishness and bumptiousness so he doesnt go to the Moonrakers.We se e the three daughters dressed in nice clothes during the play. I find it hard to believe that Hobson actually cares about his daughters but rather he thinks that it is good for the business for the workers to wear nice clothes.When Hobson laughs at the thought of Maggie getting married and refers to her as being shelved, it is probable that she has been so busy looking after Hobson and her sisters that she did not stick the time to get married.The start of Willies success was when Mrs Hepworth comes in and instructs that her shoes are only going to be made by Willie. She then instructs further that she wants Willie to tell her if he is to ever move shops. During this episode Hobson manages to make a fool out of himself on numerous occasions. Firstly he tries to take the credit on himself, and then thinking the shoes were faulty made a further idiot out of himself. She then turns to Maggie ignoring Hobson and ensues in getting an answer out of her. From this we see Mrs Hepworth as an upper class women and a well-respected customer in the Hobson shop.It is interesting to note that contrary to the belief of the times (that the husband was supposed to be in charge) Brighouse shows Maggie to champion the female sex and have total control over her husband. He cleverly reverses the commanding role from Willie to Maggie and represents her as the master of the house. Right from the beginning we see that Maggie has a very commanding and persuasive personality and as we move through the play we see Maggies persuasive nature winning. As she moves from electric shaver things such as convincing Albert Prosser that he needed a new pair of boots to the outrageous act of marrying Willie and dismissing Ada Figgins whilst he was tokened to her.MAGGIE Will Mossop, you take orders from me in this shop. Ive told you youll wed me.WILLIE Seems like theres no escape.This was an innovative concept for those ages, for the daughter of a middle class bootmaker to marry a working class craftsman employed by her father. The social tradition was to marry into your own class or higher but certainly not into a lower class.another(prenominal) matter equally radical was her betrothal conflicting with her fathers views. It was particularly unusual in that period to marry without the consent and approval of ones parents. Here however Maggie exercises her views and would like to marry Willie Mossop ignoring all the social customs concerning class distinctions and dating.ALICE I know, and if youre afraid to speak your thoughts, Im not. Look here, Maggie, what you do touches us and youre mistaken if you think Ill own Willie Mossop for my brother-in-law.MAGGIE Is there supposed to be some disgrace in him?ALICE You ask father if theres disgrace. And look at me I had hopes of Albert Prosser till this happened.MAGGIE Youll marry Albert Prosser when hes able and that testament be when he starts spending less on laundry bills and hair cream.Here we see her strong views concernin g the elitists of the upper class. She strongly believes that they shouldnt be treated especially well because they have capital, power and influence, unlike her sisters who grow into and marry upper class members. Maggie has clearly displayed her view on the stupidity of spending large sums of money on hair cream and laundry bills. The lower classes were unaccustomed to spending extensive amounts on these luxuries. She displays the honesty of her opinion by marring Willie, to the disgust of her relatives and succeeding to succeed over her father.

Lost in Translation Essay Example for Free

Lost in Translation EssayEva Hoffman tells an outstanding story of her familys move from Poland to America in the late 1950s when Eva was a young 13 years old. Lost in Translation portrays Evas maturity finished the growing pains of identity done her immigration experience. Language, culture, and perception are considered in Evas memoir of the immigrant experience. These are issues that most interpreters have encountered. When learning a impudent language we experienced a full point of the dislocation so eloquently described.Many aspects of Evas life change when she moves to Canada. Evas first day of school in Canada immedately protrays the new lifestyle in which she encounters. The teacher is futile to properly pronounce her name, Ewa, and is quick to Americanize the name to Eva. Many immigrants, presumably, go through the same occurance. Words do not sound the same or are not easily pronounced in a different language so they are changed to something easier in the language . Not only is Evas language lost, at this point her entire identity is stripped from her.Passion for the piano soon is lost with Evas new life in America. Culturally, the piano is not as reputable of an occupation in Canada as it was in Poland. Writing becomes Evas new passion. Being able to completely grasp, understand, and articulate herself is what Eva wanted to express in life. Instead of expressing herself through music as she once had, she expressed herself through words.Each section can be seen as a period of growth. Paradise is fantacy, childish, and nave. deliver describes adolescences, where finding oneself and an understanding of the world is through growth. And finally, the New World portrays Evas maturity of life experiences. She is finally able to truly comprehend her past and present world. terminal the story Eva says, The way to jump over my Great Divide is to crawl tolerate over it in English. Its only when I retell my whole story, back to the beginning, and fro m the beginning onward, in one language, that I can reconcile the voices within me with each other.Lost in Translation gives an analogy of Eva being lost, referring to lifeas she immigrates into America. Eva also struggles with losing herself in the process of translation from Polish to English. As Eva matures and gains an understanding of the English language, culture, and life as a whole, she is able to go back in time to analyze and connect what really occurred throughout her life. Translation may be just as problematic as it pertains to the self introduced into a new language and culture as to linguistically understanding the language itself.

Organisational Issues in Health and Social Care Services

Organisational Issues in Health and kindly C are runPeople do not care about organizational boundaries when seeking support or help and expect go to reflect this. From Our Health, Our Care Our Say (DoH 2006)IntroductionSince the design of the 1990 NHS and Community Care morsel it is no ampleer an option for human services and public sector organizations to head for the hills in isolation. accomplished (1997,p.18) has argued against the introduction of trade principles into areas that are gener every(prenominal)y regarded as the responsibility of the state welfare system, because this could harm those who most needed the help. This merging of human services with public sector organisations has meant that an change magnitude number of human service haveers are employed in the private sector. Human Service organisations are comprised of medical staff and others such as administrators, cooks and dry cleaners employed by the NHS or in private practice, the police and probation services, the prison services, societal services, and to a limited boundary those functional in education. This assignment exit look at some of the effects of current policies on the organisational structures of health/social care and segmentner organisations. There will be an examination of issues of force-out and inequality in organisations and an exploration of the notion of partnership functional. The achievement of such policies will be explored through the experiences of tribe with amiable health problems. Partnership doing is most especially relevant to people with psychical health problems and the Government has promised greater concentration on this in the White Paper that came out this year, Our Health, Our Care, Our Say.1OrganisationsSocial services and Health Care are what as known as human service organisations, that is to say they are there to help people in need.. People working in social services generally do so because they are motivated by a desire to s ee that people receive the kind of help that they need in clock times of crisis. Human Services operate in the public and the private sector. Which ever area a person chooses they are more likely to find work in the human services if they have had some prior experience either work placements or some other voluntary role. In social work prior association involvement is seen as an asset. Most social workers work in the public sector. Social Services used to be known as personal social services because social workers are most often have-to doe with with individuals and the care they may need.Social work is both typical, and untypical, of the human services in general, firstly its aim is just that, providing a service that benefits other people, in the second instance social workers are more likely to be involved with people on an individual basis and often for a protract period of time. This last is not always the case in other areas of the human services (Postle et al, 2002). A so cial worker who works in mental health may find themselves attached to a hospital as sanitary as to social services. This means inter-agency working which is becoming more greenness in the human services especially as the legislative and policy requirements of the1990 Care in the Community Act have increasingly focused on health and social care agencies working collaboratively with service substance abusers. This is more common since the Government directive ofJuly of last year.2Parliament decides what social work consists of. This is because the Government defines the statutes that dodge social workers responsibilities. This includes the people that social workers have a responsibility towards, the manner in which such responsibilities should be to a lower placetaken, and the legislative framework that underpins the maestro practice of social work (Brayne and Martin, 1995). Social workers have to abide by the encrypt of practice of the General Social Care Council and are boun d by the 1970 Social Services Act as it applies to local authorities. Since 1998 social workers are bound by law to respect the inherent rights and dignity of every human person. Social workers as well as have to be familiar with the 1990 Community Care Act and subsequent legislation. Local Authorities are bound by the Disability Discrimination Act and a social worker working with people with mental health difficulties would also need to know the terms of this Act and the Chronically Sick and alter Persons Act of 1970. These inform social workers decisions. These may involve having to define mental health difficulties and in what ways their needs might best be addressed. This is curiously so for canonical Social Workers. The social worker has a duty to perform an assessment of need for anyone in the local area who is defined as having a disability, including mental health difficulties, whether the or not the person requests a service.Ongoing training and development for professi onal social workers is a requirement of the job. If you work in disabilities, particularly mental health then some social workers may specialize in mental health and work towards becoming an Approved Social Worker. Social workers operate within a framework that is informed by human rights and social justice and they need to be aware when the code of practice within which they carry out their duties, is contrary to the values underlying this framework. Within social work it is generally accepted that all people are of value and are entitled to be treated justly and humanely. Social workers who deal with users who have mental health problems now have to work tight with the NHS and with Voluntary Organisations such as listen.Partnership WorkingThe Griffiths address (1988) which was commissioned by the Government recommended that local authorities should be enablers, who organized and directed community care. Local authorities would no longer be the sole providers of care, exclusive ly would have their own budgets to purchase care from the private and voluntary sector. This became law under the 1990 Act the terms of which resulted in an increase in the burden of care for the social work profession. The Act emphasized partnership working in all areas and social workers now have to consult with professionals from all walks of life in order to adequately provide for their clients needs.The introduction of new working practices and the necessity for a greater degree of inter-professional working has meant that the autonomy that social workers once enjoyed has been increasingly eroded (Challis, 1991).Molyneuxs (2001)3 research into successful inter-professional working established three areas that contributed to the success of such partnerships. Staff needed to be fully committed to what they were doing and personal qualities of adaptability, flexibility and a willingness to share with others were high on the agenda. Regular and positive converse between profession als was seen as endemic to good working relationships and service delivery. This communication was enhanced (in the study) by the instigation of weekly case conferences which allowed professionals to share knowledge and experiences (2001, p.3). Handy (1993) has argued that in order to work successfully together organisations need to find optimal or win/win solutions rather than have their discussions end in wasteful conflict. A major problem with inter-professional working in organisations is that both sides can become defensive of their positions (See Handy, 1993 ch.12). This is particularly the case when people are asked to do something that goes against their professional ethics and beliefs (see ch.15). Thus a social worker would not be happy with solutions that did not, in their view, serve to empower clients with mental health difficulties. The inclusion body and empowerment of this client group is a central feature of the 2006 White Paper which promises ongoing care not just for those with mental health difficulties but for their carers as well.4These arguments are endorsed by Laidler (1991) because in order to be successful across professional boundaries people need to be confident of their own professional role in order to be able to step outside their professional autonomy and work successfully with others. It helps in inter-professional working if all members of the team up are particularly focused on the needs of the service user. In this way people reach professional adulthood. According to Norman (1999) mental health professionals working within teams were reluctant to obey decisions taken by others because it threatened their own professional judgement. It does not help matters when the Government stresses the need for inter-professional working and then sets separate performance targets, rather than corporate group ones. Hudson (2001) maintains that because government has been concerned to prioritise choice and introduce competition in public services this has left professionals with feeling of insecurity and a lack of faith in organisational infrastructure.It would be a cruel irony if, having achieved the holy grail of local integrated working, the government, with Sedgefields local MP at its head, now puts in place measures that result in its dismantling (Hudson 2005 no page number).5At the same time Government expects social care and health professionals to work closely and collaboratively with service users. In social services there is quite an emphais on encouraging the user to participate in decisions regarding their care. In the NHS however, many professionals still work with the idea that the patient does as the professional tells them. This makes it difficult for social workers who are encouraged to diminish the power differential between themselves and service users, this means engaging in anti-oppressive practice e.g. accessible language, and doing what they can to empower individuals.Social Services and Min dMind is a charity that works for those with mental health problems. The charity points to the fact that the right kind of social care can go a long way to alleviating the stress that mental health difficulties may bring, and which are often ignored. Until recently mental health users received only a small bill of social care and were often referred for medical help alone. However, this course of action neglected the enormous social consequences that mental health difficulties can have and how it affects family units. This is head start to change and there is an acknowledgment that greater availability of social care would go a long way to alleviating such difficulties. This has been recognised to some extent in the Government paper Our Health, Our Care, Our Say. The increasing Government emphasis on partnership working should lead to a greater connection between those who work for social services, the NHS and the charity called Mind.ConclusionThis assignment has looked at organi sations and the structure underlying social service departments and other human service organisations such as the NHS and the charity called Mind. It has looked at the legislative and policy contexts as they apply to people who need social care and who may also have mental health problems. It has looked at partnership working and how the responsibilities that are incumbent upon social workers are intended to minimalise inequalities and to substantially lessen the power differential between service users and service providers.ReferencesGriffiths Report (1988) Community Care An Agenda for Action, London HMSOHandy, C 1993 Understanding Organisation London, Random HouseHandy, C 1997 The Hungry Spirit London, Random HouseHudson, B. evidence for Optimism Community Care December 1st 2005Kirk, S. 1998 Trends in community care and patient participation Implications for the roles of informal carers and community nurses in the United Kingdom diary of Advanced Nursing Vol 28 August 1998 Issue 2 p.370Laidler, P. 1991 Adults and How to become one Therapy Weekly 17 (35) p.4Molyneux, J 2001 Interprofessional team working What makes teams work well? diary of Inter-professional Care 15 (1) 2001 p.1-7Norman, I and Peck E. 1999 Working together in adult community mental health services An inter-professional dialogue Journal of Mental Health 8 (3) June 1999 pp. 217-230http//www.dh.gov.uk/PublicationsAndStatistics/PressReleases/PressReleasesNotices/fs/en?CONTENT_ID=4116486chk=zOTHS/http//www.dh.gov.uk/assetRoot/04/12/76/04/04127604.pdf Our Health, Our Care, Our Say11 http//www.dh.gov.uk/assetRoot/04/12/76/04/04127604.pdf2 http//www.dh.gov.uk/PublicationsAndStatistics/PressReleases/PressReleasesNotices/fs/en?CONTENT_ID=4116486chk=zOTHS/3 Molyneux is a social worker who was part of the inter-professional team on which the study was based.4 http//www.dh.gov.uk/assetRoot/04/12/76/04/04127604.pdf5 http//www.communitycare.co.uk/Articles/2005/12/01/51988/Grounds+for+optimism+.html?key= BOB+HUDSON accessed 4/4/06

Ethics Religion And Sustainable Production Marketing Essay

Ethics Religion And Sustainable Production Marketing EssayBuilding an efficient ethical supply kitchen range requires applying strict measures which comprises of identifying, forming and maintaining good supplier relationship with both upstream and upstream. It is meaning(a) that companies build a viable ethical supply chain as well(p) upgrade good working condition in accordance to existing labor laws in other improve brand image and build a strong reputation. In todays business world, building ethical supply chains is extremely vital as it also comes with a lot of benefits attached to the practice. respectable supply chain is the practice of providing goods and services to customers while sure that the rule to ethical code is adhered to (Beamon, 2005)The world is becoming a global marketplace and companies essential ensure that they have morally strong brand image and create a well trusted supply chain so as to work value non only to their brand but to their image in gener al, with the wide spread of internet and effective communication consumers are becoming awake of what is actually involve in production and distribution of goods and services. With the increasing rate of climate swop people are becoming more conscious of how to billing for the environment and the ways of how resources are being exploited.Interestingly, in these recent economic downturns big multinationals companies such as Kraft, Nestle and Starbucks have all managed to form strategic partnership with Rainforest coalescence for Ethical Sourcing of Coffee beans, according to (IGD.com, 2009) Kraft started working with Rainforest Alliance to show support as part of their theatrical role towards sustainability and helping the environment, shortly after gaining great experience Kraft successfully expanded more work with Rainforest Alliance and included other brands and with this, a total of 150,000 farmers benefited by gaining improved working conditions and better wages, they also helped to protect 70,000 acres of java farmland and helped protect rainforest plant and animal species as reported by (IGD.com, 2009)Nestle announced in 2005 to support sourcing its coffee beans ethically after bagging the title in the UK of being the most unethical company and partly responsible for driving down prices of coffee beans at the expense of poor small farmers, they decided to progress a serious fealty to support Fair trade and fight poverty, invest in community projects such as improving schools and clinics, providing clean water and repairing roads.Fair portion step up score is particularly strong and popular in the United Kingdom, The United States Starbucks made a pledge to make all of its popular espresso brand Fair cunning by the end of 2009 on the other hand, Nestl who happens to be a bigger brand with numerous has also join the bandwagon and made commitment to the mass consumer market like its number one rival Kraft, whose brands such as Maxwell ho go for and Kenco has made sure all its coffee beans are from Rainforest Alliance certified farms. (Russell, 2009)Starbucks made a commitment to ethical sourcing in 2009, and has become one of the largest buyers of fair-trade coffee, they also made a decision to have 100% of its coffee certified or verified by an independent third party, such as TransFair USA. To show their commitment to the sustainability, they have planned to invest in communities by doubling loans to farmers by 2015. According to Starbucks, (starbucks.co.uk, 2011)responsibly grown, ethically traded coffee means working with farmers to produce coffee in ways that help propose benefits to their business, their communities and the environment. This falls in line with the Fair Trade objectives, which states that, coffee bean growers should be adequately compensated for their harvest.In addition, Fair Trades primary objectives is ensure that its sets standards for farmers organizations and labor are adhered to by all, they a lso work in the interest of small-scale producers and help them work in an organized manner, such as in a co-op and make sure all decisions are made democratically and not influenced. In Fair Trade, the farmers are al deplorableed to form unions. While in the Rainforest Alliances standard, they do not get involved with the cooperation of farm workers, and are somewhat laidback. The Rainforest Alliance does not have any existing baseline premium for wages, and they only maintains the low wage bar set by local governments (Trauben, 2009)2. According to research expert, (Johnson, 2010) who carried out a research in the UK to understand what consumers actually wants, in his studies he discovered that regimen is the most misunderstood area of public policy, as it accounts for 10% of household expenditure and is linked to 12% of employment, 70% of land use and 20% of energy use in the UK. He also mentioned that demand for pabulum is higher than supply bearing in mind price, quality, ava ilability and rag such as logistics issues which play a very vital role in supply chain. (Doane, 2001) Defined ethical consumption as the purchase of a product that concerns a certain ethical issue human rights, labor conditions, animal well-being, and environment it is chosen freely by an individual consumer.With growing trends and change in lifestyle consumer behavior and expectations have changed, due to various issues which ranges from Self-interest to Purchasing Power. People are getting busier and barely have to cook and whence have to rely on instant junk foods, maintaining a healthy diet is increasing becoming a difficult task but it is important to make sure that they consume ethically by making sure they are well informed of the food being sourced in a sustainable way. Sending out clear information to create awake(predicate)ness should be encouraged by the government so as to enable the food retailers provide more knowledge and give more information to improve the eatin g habit of consumers said the Chief Executive of Wm Morrison Supermarkets (Philips, 2010) it is the fourth biggest grocery retailer in the UK and has 479 stores with a strong focus on fresh products.However, having access to affordable healthy foods should be greatly encouraged and not excluded economically from enjoying healthy meals as these tends to be more expensive. With the recent economic downturn more people have very little disposable income to spend on buying food stuff as price for simple basic commodities such as rice witnessed an amplify in price globally. (Philips, 2010) also said Key to the affordability of food is choice. Supermarkets offer wide choice in order not only to meet customers expectations but also to drive competition. This encourages innovation to help ensure subtile quality as well as to keep prices down.The conclusion of the research carried out by the (Johnson, 2010) is that consumers have growing expectations and it is the responsibility of the sup ermarkets to act sustainably, and not increase prices of more healthier foods, Fair trade products should be made affordable and serve as an economically sustainability initiative which helps the environment and must be plump for by clear information and honest Fair Trade labeling of products so that consumers have clear knowledge of where the products originates from and the environmental impact. Consumers are becoming more aware of brands that practice responsible sourcing and procurement, carbon footprints and favorable ethical trade practices. Brands who adopt ethical sourcing are perceived as being environment friendly, these ethical firms forefend actions that may somewhat negatively influence, or appear to influence, supply management decisions for sourcing of resources.3. Recommendations to help cure the ills of the coffee market would be as followsa) Ethical utilisation should be encouraged in great measures so as to make consumers use their purchasing power as a means t o change apocryphal ills of the coffee market business as well as the severe oversupply of low cost substandard coffee beans.According to (Jeremy, 2007) Fair Trade is defined as a trading partnership based on dialogue, transparency, and respect that seek greater equity in international trade. It contributes to sustainable instruction by offering better trading conditions to, and securing the rights of marginalized producers and workers especially in the South.One complaint amongst many coffee drinkers is that the quality of Fair Trade coffee varies widely. The detail that the growers are guaranteed a minimum price for their product may have unintended consequences, one being that there is no incentive to improve quality.b) quit companies that practice high ethical standards to set an example for other unethical companies to change their ways of doing business, for example according to a recent study carried out by (Remi Trudel et el, 2012) in trying to understand how much more would consumers be willing pay for an ethically produced product? and also how much less would consumers be willing to pay for the product they think is unethical? 97 coffee drinkers were radomly chosen for the experiment and were told about the companys production standards, the result from the experiment showed that people punished unethical goods with a bigger discount than they rewarded ethical ones with premiums.c) Consume authentic ethical productsd) Always check labels and investigate popular brands to understand its history of productionand encourage fairness in labor.

Lenovo Brand Strategy

Lenovo Brand StrategyAbstractPurpose This study aims to apply the reviewed literature of commemorate identicalness, blade scheme, and return spot to test the lessons and improvements on how Lenovo, a No.1 PC manufacturer in China, implements scratch integration as part of its planetary brand scheme to attach brand consciousness and recognition.Approach This study introduces multiple methods to analyze the pros and cons of brand integration, and brand ingathering positioning such as product segmentation and perceptual map as well as the friendships revenue comparison.Findings Lenovos co- branding strategy in its starting two descriptors of global brand strategy benefit its revenue growth dramatically nevertheless in limited level to its own brand awareness. And the global sales loss happened after Lenovo forg maven co-branding with IBM brand on its ThinkPad/ ThinkCentre brand lines in its third phase of global branding strategy. Moreover, the unsatisfactory sales performance forced the fraternity to trade-off the allowance monetary value of ThinkPad in attempt to cater to to a greater extent consumers, gaining foodstuff share and revenue growth, but totally result in the opposite situation due to the unclear repositioning of ThinkPad.Research limitations/implications The inaccessibility of the overall statistics on the sales of ThinkPad by Lenovo in overseas food trade over the past five years furbish ups the accuracy of the analysis result. Besides, the depth of the study is hindered due to the privation of Lenovos investment in branding and marketing promotions, as well as sales volume of its major competitors such as US, Europe, etc.Practical implications supplement a well-known ThinkPad brand stinkpot expedite Lenovos access to the cutting-edged technology and distribution channel desexup, however, it will make outs a long process to build and increase a strong brand of Lenovo globally. Apart from focus on quality and techn ology innovation, Lenovo should emphasize its value-added brand positioning, i.e. nurturing the brand in the dimensions of relationship, personality and culture. The separation of Lenovo and ThinkPad should be the best solution for the sake of maximizing apiece brand equity.Originality/Value This study is an attempt to discuss disconnection of distinctive brands like Lenovo and its sub-brands ideapad/ideacentre from ThinkPad / ThinkCentre to maximize each brand equity.Literature ReviewAccording to Arnold (1992), brand strategy is the process whereby the offer is positioned in the customers mind to produce a perception of advantage. And strategy implies the proceeding of the organizations vision, mission, and objectives. In a nonher word, the essence of the brand needs to be reflected in everything the company does, especially those that impact the consumer. When making branding strategies, a company should beginning have an insight into their brand and brand equity.Brand equity i s the disparateial effect that knowing the brand name has on customer response to the product or its marketing (Kotler, 2009). A successful brand has high brand equity and its image (B) rout out be thought of as the combination of trine elements a good product (P), a distinctive identity operator (D), and added value (AV), i.e. B=P*D*AV. Especially the brand preference depends on added set that give customers confidence that this product has qualities, status or associations not possessed by alternative choices (Doyle, 2008). It helps customers navigate the choice process by reducing risks and scrimping time of evaluation (Doyle, 2008). Brand management centres on creating perceived added value for the companys offer among customers, which can be achieved by shaping the brands identity. Brand Identity is everything the company wants is brand to be perceived by customer (Temporal, 2002). It has six dimensions, which is also called now as brand identity prism (Kapferer, 2007), n amely, physical, reflection, relationship, personality, culture and relevance (Kapferer, 1997). The identity of strong brands reminds us that identity is not just a matter of functional attributes (Kapferer, 2007). With time, brand associations typically move up from tangible to intangible values -No brand should be without a strong intangible component became the top priority of 10 key principles of strategic brand management (Kapferer, 2007). Due to the increase fierce competition and rapid imitation, the focus of keeping customers in marketing highlights the building lasting relationships on brand management, namely, classifying the different types of relationships consumers have with brands (Fournier, 1998), or the different types of interactions companies engage in with their clients (Rapp and Collins, 1994 Peppers and Rogers, 1993).Kapferer (2007) claims the establishment and recognition of brand identity is one of the key stages in the process of brand globalization. That is, the brand must have an identity that will serve as a medium for its globalisation, specifically for its brand positioning and brand strategy. Clearly, for existing brands, positioning derives from identity. But it exploits a specific, coherent and striking aspect of identity at a given point in time in a given market and against a precise set of competitors. At the level of global brands, the brand positioning emphasizing a unified identity should occupy a distinct place in the post markets mind (Kotler, 2000), ensure the distinctive position of the products of a company from its competitors offerings, maintain or increase market share by satisfying current or potential customers, and finally achieve higher revenue (Hassanien and Baum, 2002). Bingham and Raffield (1995) identified six positioning alternatives for firms cost, technology, product quality, distribution, image and service. Although repositioning is reassign magnitudely inevitable as the ever-changing marketing env ironments that influence organisations (Trout and Rivkin, 1995 Kotler, 1997), any decisions companies need to make about repositioning will demand careful consideration of all of the brands attributes (Park et al., 2002).When brand managers decide brand strategy, the added-value lever on which a product is based should be taken into consideration as an important parameter in choosing different brand architectures. A single ( collective) brand umbrella or master brand strategy is often recommended when the added value in a particular market is linked to personality and scale (Kapferer, 2007). However, the more segmented the market, with top-quality, personalised products, the more one has to favour either an endorsing brand strategy or a new portfolio of product brands.Besides, monetary value factors have to be considered. Doyle (2008) gave insightful explanation and said that the objective of adopting brand strategies is to increase long-run economic profits, which leads to an orie ntation to sharing brand names For companies in its initial phase of going global with limited resources, the simplified brand lines can reinforce each brands selling power and reduce marketing cost, provided that the company has complementary products.An separate factor that can not be neglected in formulating brand strategy is the country background of a brand. COO (Country of Origin) refers to the impact that generalisations and perceptions about a country have on a persons evaluation of the countrys products and brands (Nebenzahl, Jaffe, and Lampert 1997 Lampert and Jaffe 1998 Dinnie 2004). COO helps or hampers the development of brand equity in the new market. til now to some extent, acquired brands can produce a short-cut to overcome the negative effect of COO in brand globalization (Ying, 2008) and co-branding provides a buzz around the brand among opinion leaders to create an image (Kapferer, 2007) facilitating brand into global arena, but it is not a substitute or alternat ive for brand building in the long term. Co-branding can generate greater sales from the existing target market as well as open additional opportunities with new consumers and conduct as it can increase cash flow through increased number of touch points between brands (Srivastava et al., 1998). In addition, co-branding can reduce the cost of product introduction and help stage a brand into a new market by leveraging the existing brand with global awareness. This is reflected in the increasing number of cases of mergers and acquisition of such kind worldwide. Undeniably, it can boost the business of a company but does not necessarily mean the success of in bodied brands (Swystun, 2001). It is difficult to change an realised brand identity and a good fit between brands is essential to the successful marriage. For a company going global, a distinctive and consistent brand identity should be nurtured and matters most in distinguishing itself from other competitors despite of manufact uring the uniform high quality products.Clayton M. Christensen (2004) noted that most organizations can acquire resources, but it is the application of the process (how to solve problems) and values (past investments) that distinguish a company. And branding strategy is the process of such kind as one of the key factors which will ultimately determine a companys future success.About Lenovo and its internationalization and global brand strategyFounded in Beijing, China, Lenovo is No.1 PC manufacturer in China and the worlds fourth largest PC maker with its revenue in 2007-2008 reaching 16.4 billion US dollars and its market share in China stabilize at 29%-30%. In 2004, its acquisition of IBM PC business (Thinkpad brand) for 1.25 billion US dollars made the company the worlds No. 3 PC company after dell and HP and signified the beginning of its steps into international market. Since then, Lenovo has established more than 200 branches in 66 countries (Lenovo official website http//app server.lenovo.com.cn/About/aboutus_overview.html, accessed Nov 23, 2009). Lenovos sports marketing, the Olympic marketing, and co-brand marketing strategy enhance the brand image and capture the market share. Its global branding strategy incorporates three phases. In the first phase focused on the tenaciousness of the brand in overseas countries to strengthen the relationship between the Lenovo and Thinkpad In the second phase to consolidate the high-end business Thinkpad image. And in the third phase to hotfoot Lenovo brand building (Gu, 2006).Methodology and descriptive analysisWe can compare Lenovos branding strategy with its revenue over the past five years. Investment in the brand must come first to ensure revenue enhancement. (Jeff Swystun, 2001) From the comparison, the dramatic revenue growth in 2004-2006 seems to verify that the branding strategy of leveraging IBM brand and reinforcing ThinkPad benefit the corporate performance. Meanwhile, however, Lenovos global brand awareness got increased during the process? Since Lenovo had the right to use the IBM brand only for five years until 2010, the company stubborn to drop it two years ahead of schedule, such was its confidence in its own brand (http//www.economist.com, 2008). Despite of the right move, the result is the decrease in the corporate revenue Lenovos sales volume was down by 5 percent in the third quarter 2008, sales revenue dropped by 20 percent, and market share declined from 7.5 percent to 7.3 percent (Ming, 2009), especially, the sales in America and Europe fell by 17% in the 3rd quarter compared with the same stay last year due to the sluggish demand in those markets and notably, its domestic sale grew and accounted for 48% of its total sales(http//www.economist.com, 2009). Actually, the unsatisfactory result can be attributed in a sense to the abrupt brand shift from IBM ThinkPad to Lenovo ThinkPad. Whereas, the point is that it is not the inappropriate timing to forgo co-branding with IBM brand, but it is during the initial phase of implementing global branding strategies when Lenovo did not handle well the relations between leveraging IBM brand and, more importantly, enhancement of Lenovo brands identity and differentiated advantage in its new market outside Asia where the brand name was little known, especially in US and Europe, the focus of Lenovo business outside China.To gain an insight on the brands strategy, we can bearing at Lenovo brand architecture transition below for the major product lines and brand integration in the early 2008. After the brand integration, under the corporate umbrella brand of Lenovo, the streamlined product brands resulting in global marketing cost-effectiveness can be categorized into ideaPad and ideacentre sub-brands for consumers and ThinkPad sub-brand for consumers and commercial segment and ThinkCentre sub-brand for companies. Notably, there is a change in customer positioning for ThinkPad by serving companies only swi tching to companies primarily and consumers secondly served with individual models of ThinkPad products. This is to meet the increasing needs for consumer PC. Besides, ThinkPad is expanding its position from high-end only to both middle and high-end in light of Lenovos determine system. And a question comes to arise Is Lenovo ThinkPad is as good quality as IBM ThinkPad? Lenovos reaction to the sceptical voices is the price cut of ThinkPad is to cater to those customers feeling pinch in the current situation. But the transition risk should be foreseen that the customers who know ThinkPad very well may not have that sense of advantage that the original brand identity confers, and eventually the transformation may harm the brand equity.Lets look at the brand positioning of Lenovo and its competitors. Over time, PCs has become ubiquitous and play a growing role in many important aspects of daily life. Consumers are therefore looking for more innovation (Quelch and Knoop, 2006) with app ropriate pricing. Capping the product features of each company in terms of innovation and pricing, we can see that HP, Dell and Acer-the strong competitors of Lenovo in US and European market -are all positioned as economy brand whereas Lenovo as bargain brand positioned as overall high level of innovation and IBM as premium brand. Highly recognized by its customers, ThinkPad brand, with high innovation and high price of a differentiate advantage, best represent the culture of IBM brand. The branding strategy should first take into consideration the environment and customers (Doyle, 2008). Although Thinkpad brand has nothing to do with IBM after the acquisition, the customers perception of high level of innovation and pricing of Thinkpad brand is deep-rooted, thus, it is not obligatory and even harmful to its original image in its customers mind for any attempt to lower its pricing arrange. As for Lenovo brand, on one hand, competitive pricing is the core value that the company emb races to contest its key competitors internationally, and on the other hand, like many other Chinese company going global, it still take time for Lenovo to get away from Made in China image interpreted as manufacturing cheap products. Thus, the carrying out of its bargaining pricing system in its another brand line ideapad and ideacentre can embody its differentiating advantages lower price but good quality and higher level of innovation and lower the intromission barrier to the consumers in the new market(Doyle, 2008). Of course, this is what Lenovo is doing, promoting its idea brand line in US, Europe and other major overseas market (Lenovo official website http//appserver.lenovo.com.cn/About/aboutus_overview.html, accessed Nov 23, 2009). It can be concluded that there is distinctively different brand identity between ThinkPad/ ThinkCentre and Lenovo and its sub-brands ideapad/ideacentre.Discussion on improvementIn developing a global brand, Chinese companies could choose betw een a traditional and modern approach (Ewing, Napoli, and Pitt, 2001). And Lenovo has adopted the modern (although more risky) approach that accelerates internationalization via joint ventures and acquisition of immaterial brands, enabling them to leapfrog to the advanced stage in the process. Product differentiation and brands management separation Lenovo should resume the high-end brand identity of ThinkPad targeting companies and high-end consumers to gain premium price and high margins. And this branding strategy can not waver surrendering to the current economic conditions. And for the medium and lower-end market, idea brand line can play its limber role catering to different subdivision market. In addition, the ideapad/ideacentre identity should be enriched to increase its value-added specifically in its relationship and personality prospective to differentiate with other competitors brands. Apart from product promotion, creating customers product experience should be the r emedy to have them gain better knowledge of the new entry brands and enhance the recognition of Lenovo. nearly important, ThinkPad/ThinkCentre brand should be separated from Lenovo and its sub-brands. The case of the separation of product brand Lexus and company brand Toyota means the success of the both brands even though few know Lexus brand is under Toyota.(Jean-Pierre and David, 2002) .ConclusionThis study emphasizes on the analysis and discussion on the brand integration of Lenovo, idea brand line, and IBMs ThinkPad brand, which features an indispensible process of implementation of global brand strategy by Lenovo. The strategy of co-branding of Lenovo and IBM in ThinkPad products in the initial phase impelled the process of Lenovo brand into international arena. At the same time, however, Lenovo should have engaged in its own brand identity and equity, which will alleviate the loss arising from the disconnection of IBM and Lenovo. An effective positioning/repositioning brand s trategy should highlight the consistent process of enhancing brand awareness. At this point, Lenovo took a either slower or inappropriate action which entail improvement and transformation. As for the established ThinkPad brand, the dimensions of its brand identity should be taken into full consideration otherwise any branding initiatives will damage its brand value through perplexing or depriving the sense of status and pride from its customers. To avoid the collision of two distinctive brand identities ThinkPad and Lenovo with its sub-brands ideapad/ideacentre, disconnection is the best solution to maximize brand equity.

William Shakespeare :: essays research papers

William Shakespeare, undoubtedly one of the best playwrights of all in all time, was born in April of 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon in Warwickshire. His parents were John Shakespeare, a whittawer, and Mary Arden Shakespeare. He was the third of eight children born to John and Mary and was their first son. They lived on Henley Street in Stratford. His baptism was on April 26 of that year at Stratfords Holy Trinity Church. His date of birth is assumed to be April 23. He went to Stratford Grammar School from the age of seven to fourteen.          At the age of eighteen, on November 28, 1582, William was married by the bishop of Worcester, to Anne Hathaway of Shottery. Anne was seven or eight years older than him and was three months pregnant at the time of their marriage.Their first child together, Susanna, was born on May 26, 1583. Two years after that, Hamnet and Judith were born together. Shakespeare and his family most likely lived in the hous e on Henley Street.           In 1592, Shakespeares home career took off. Robert Greene referred to him as an " pretentious crow", and from that point on, everyone started paying attention to him. Other famous and notable literary critics also commented on Shakespeare. Shakespeare belonged to a number of acting companies in the stemma The Queens Men, Pembrokes Men, and Lord Stranges Men.          But in January of 1593, a plague broke out and theaters all across London were closed. In December of 1594, Shakespeare has been noted to have started playing again. His new acting company was known as Lord Chamberlains Men.      The decade or so after that, was huge for Shakespeare. This was the time of The Great Globe theater where many of his best plays were performed. During this time, Shakespeare produced a steady line of hit plays, historical plays, comedies, and tragedies. I n 1599 he finally became a part owner of the Globe. While all of this went on in London, Shakespeares family resided back in Stratford, about 100 miles northwest of London. It is suggested that he often made trips to see his family and deliver them money.